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| | though |
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| any process which generates a stream compliant to the syntactical and semantic requirements and which is decodable by the process described in this spec shall be considered a conformant Snow encoder | Definitions |
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| spatial_decomposition_type s header_state qlog s header_state mv_scale s header_state qbias s header_state block_max_depth s header_state | qlogs |
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| | else |
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| Tag | description |
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| Tag MUST be | even |
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| Tag MUST be and< 10hcoeff half pel interpolation filter coefficients, hcoeff[0] are the 2 middle coefficients[1] are the next outer ones and so on, resulting in a filter like:...eff[2], hcoeff[1], hcoeff[0], hcoeff[0], hcoeff[1], hcoeff[2] ... the sign of the coefficients is not explicitly stored but alternates after each coeff and coeff[0] is positive, so ...,+,-,+,-,+,+,-,+,-,+,... hcoeff[0] is not explicitly stored but found by subtracting the sum of all stored coefficients with signs from 32 hcoeff[0]=32 - hcoeff[1] - hcoeff[2] - ... a good choice for hcoeff and htaps is htaps=6 hcoeff={40,-10, 2} an alternative which requires more computations at both encoder and decoder side and may or may not be better is htaps=8 hcoeff={42,-14, 6,-2}ref_frames minimum of the number of available reference frames and max_ref_frames for example the first frame after a key frame always has ref_frames=1spatial_decomposition_type wavelet type 0 is a 9/7 symmetric compact integer wavelet 1 is a 5/3 symmetric compact integer wavelet others are reserved stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset||keyframeqlog quality(logarithmic quantizer scale) stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset||keyframemv_scale stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset||keyframe FIXME check that everything works fine if this changes between framesqbias dequantization bias stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset||keyframeblock_max_depth maximum depth of the block tree stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset||keyframequant_table quantization tableHighlevel bitstream structure:==============================--------------------------------------------|Header|--------------------------------------------|------------------------------------|||Block0||||split?||||yes no||||......... intra?||||:Block01 :yes no||||:Block02 :....... ..........||||:Block03 ::y DC ::ref index:||||:Block04 ::cb DC ::motion x :||||......... :cr DC ::motion y :||||....... ..........|||------------------------------------||------------------------------------|||Block1|||...|--------------------------------------------|------------ ------------ ------------|||Y subbands||Cb subbands||Cr subbands||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---|||||LL0||HL0||||LL0||HL0||||LL0||HL0|||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---|||||LH0||HH0||||LH0||HH0||||LH0||HH0|||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---|||||HL1||LH1||||HL1||LH1||||HL1||LH1|||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---|||||HH1||HL2||||HH1||HL2||||HH1||HL2|||||...||...||...|||------------ ------------ ------------|--------------------------------------------Decoding process:=================------------|||Subbands|------------||||------------|Intra DC||||LL0 subband prediction ------------|\ Dequantization ------------------- \||Reference frames|\ IDWT|------- -------|Motion \|||Frame 0||Frame 1||Compensation . OBMC v -------|------- -------|--------------. \------> Frame n output Frame Frame<----------------------------------/|...|------------------- Range Coder:============Binary Range Coder:------------------- The implemented range coder is an adapted version based upon "Range encoding: an algorithm for removing redundancy from a digitised message." by G. N. N. Martin. The symbols encoded by the Snow range coder are bits(0|1). The associated probabilities are not fix but change depending on the symbol mix seen so far. bit seen|new state ---------+----------------------------------------------- 0|256 - state_transition_table[256 - old_state];1|state_transition_table[old_state];state_transition_table={ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 190, 191, 192, 194, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 202, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 215, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 220, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 227, 229, 229, 230, 231, 232, 234, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 248, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};FIXME Range Coding of integers:------------------------- FIXME Neighboring Blocks:===================left and top are set to the respective blocks unless they are outside of the image in which case they are set to the Null block top-left is set to the top left block unless it is outside of the image in which case it is set to the left block if this block has no larger parent block or it is at the left side of its parent block and the top right block is not outside of the image then the top right block is used for top-right else the top-left block is used Null block y, cb, cr are 128 level, ref, mx and my are 0 Motion Vector Prediction:=========================1. the motion vectors of all the neighboring blocks are scaled to compensate for the difference of reference frames scaled_mv=(mv *(256 *(current_reference+1)/(mv.reference+1))+128)> the median of the scaled | left |
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| Tag MUST be and< 10hcoeff half pel interpolation filter coefficients, hcoeff[0] are the 2 middle coefficients[1] are the next outer ones and so on, resulting in a filter like:...eff[2], hcoeff[1], hcoeff[0], hcoeff[0], hcoeff[1], hcoeff[2] ... the sign of the coefficients is not explicitly stored but alternates after each coeff and coeff[0] is positive, so ...,+,-,+,-,+,+,-,+,-,+,... hcoeff[0] is not explicitly stored but found by subtracting the sum of all stored coefficients with signs from 32 hcoeff[0]=32 - hcoeff[1] - hcoeff[2] - ... a good choice for hcoeff and htaps is htaps=6 hcoeff={40,-10, 2} an alternative which requires more computations at both encoder and decoder side and may or may not be better is htaps=8 hcoeff={42,-14, 6,-2}ref_frames minimum of the number of available reference frames and max_ref_frames for example the first frame after a key frame always has ref_frames=1spatial_decomposition_type wavelet type 0 is a 9/7 symmetric compact integer wavelet 1 is a 5/3 symmetric compact integer wavelet others are reserved stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset||keyframeqlog quality(logarithmic quantizer scale) stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset||keyframemv_scale stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset||keyframe FIXME check that everything works fine if this changes between framesqbias dequantization bias stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset||keyframeblock_max_depth maximum depth of the block tree stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset||keyframequant_table quantization tableHighlevel bitstream structure:==============================--------------------------------------------|Header|--------------------------------------------|------------------------------------|||Block0||||split?||||yes no||||......... intra?||||:Block01 :yes no||||:Block02 :....... ..........||||:Block03 ::y DC ::ref index:||||:Block04 ::cb DC ::motion x :||||......... :cr DC ::motion y :||||....... ..........|||------------------------------------||------------------------------------|||Block1|||...|--------------------------------------------|------------ ------------ ------------|||Y subbands||Cb subbands||Cr subbands||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---|||||LL0||HL0||||LL0||HL0||||LL0||HL0|||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---|||||LH0||HH0||||LH0||HH0||||LH0||HH0|||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---|||||HL1||LH1||||HL1||LH1||||HL1||LH1|||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---||||--- ---||--- ---||--- ---|||||HH1||HL2||||HH1||HL2||||HH1||HL2|||||...||...||...|||------------ ------------ ------------|--------------------------------------------Decoding process:=================------------|||Subbands|------------||||------------|Intra DC||||LL0 subband prediction ------------|\ Dequantization ------------------- \||Reference frames|\ IDWT|------- -------|Motion \|||Frame 0||Frame 1||Compensation . OBMC v -------|------- -------|--------------. \------> Frame n output Frame Frame<----------------------------------/|...|------------------- Range Coder:============Binary Range Coder:------------------- The implemented range coder is an adapted version based upon "Range encoding: an algorithm for removing redundancy from a digitised message." by G. N. N. Martin. The symbols encoded by the Snow range coder are bits(0|1). The associated probabilities are not fix but change depending on the symbol mix seen so far. bit seen|new state ---------+----------------------------------------------- 0|256 - state_transition_table[256 - old_state];1|state_transition_table[old_state];state_transition_table={ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 190, 191, 192, 194, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 202, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 215, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 220, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 227, 229, 229, 230, 231, 232, 234, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 248, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};FIXME Range Coding of integers:------------------------- FIXME Neighboring Blocks:===================left and top are set to the respective blocks unless they are outside of the image in which case they are set to the Null block top-left is set to the top left block unless it is outside of the image in which case it is set to the left block if this block has no larger parent block or it is at the left side of its parent block and the top right block is not outside of the image then the top right block is used for top-right else the top-left block is used Null block y, cb, cr are 128 level, ref, mx and my are 0 Motion Vector Prediction:=========================1. the motion vectors of all the neighboring blocks are scaled to compensate for the difference of reference frames scaled_mv=(mv *(256 *(current_reference+1)/(mv.reference+1))+128)> the median of the scaled top and top right vectors is used as motion vector prediction the used motion vector is the sum of the predictor and(mvx_diff, mvy_diff) *mv_scale Intra DC Prediction block[y][x] | dc [1] = block[y][x-1].dc[1] + cb_diff |
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| Motion | Compensation |
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| vertical halfpel samples are found by | H2 [y][x] |
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| vertical horizontal halfpel samples are found by | H3 [y][x] |
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| F H1 F F H1 F F F F H1<-F-------F-------F v v v H2 H3 H2 ^ ^ ^ F-------F-------F-> H1<-F-------F-------F|||||||||F H1 F|||||||||F H1 Funavailable fullpel samples(outside the picture for example) shall be equalto the closest available fullpel sampleSmaller pel interpolation:--------------------------if diag_mc is set then points which lie on a line between 2 vertically, horizontally or diagonally adjacent halfpel points shall be interpolatedlinearly with rounding to nearest and halfway values rounded up.points which lie on 2 diagonals at the same time should only use the onediagonal not containing the fullpel point F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--F v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|/|\|q q q q q|/|\|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ h2--> O q O<--h3-> O q O<--h2 v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|\|/|q q q q q|\|/|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--Fthe remaining points shall be bilinearly interpolated from theup to 4 surrounding halfpel and fullpel points, again rounding should be tonearest and halfway values rounded upcompliant Snow decoders MUST support 1-1/8 pel luma and 1/2-1/16 pel chromainterpolation at leastOverlapped block motion compensation:-------------------------------------FIXMELL band prediction:===================Each sample in the LL0 subband is predicted by the median of the left, top andleft+top-topleft samples, samples outside the subband shall be considered tobe 0. To reverse this prediction in the decoder apply the following.for(y=0;y< height;y++){ for(x=0;x< width;x++){ sample[y][x]+=median(sample[y-1][x], sample[y][x-1], sample[y-1][x]+sample[y][x-1]-sample[y-1][x-1]);}}sample[-1][ *]=sample[ *][-1]=0;width, height here are the width and height of the LL0 subband not of the finalvideoDequantization:===============FIXMEWavelet Transform:==================Snow supports 2 wavelet transforms, the symmetric biorthogonal 5/3 integertransform and an integer approximation of the symmetric biorthogonal 9/7daubechies wavelet.2D IDWT(inverse discrete wavelet transform) --------------------------------------------The 2D IDWT applies a 2D filter recursively, each time combining the4 lowest frequency subbands into a single subband until only 1 subbandremains.The 2D filter is done by first applying a 1D filter in the vertical directionand then applying it in the horizontal one. --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------|LL0|HL0|||||||||||||---+---|HL1||L0|H0|HL1||LL1|HL1|||||LH0|HH0|||||||||||||-------+-------|-> L1 H1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 | Filter |
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| F H1 F F H1 F F F F H1<-F-------F-------F v v v H2 H3 H2 ^ ^ ^ F-------F-------F-> H1<-F-------F-------F|||||||||F H1 F|||||||||F H1 Funavailable fullpel samples(outside the picture for example) shall be equalto the closest available fullpel sampleSmaller pel interpolation:--------------------------if diag_mc is set then points which lie on a line between 2 vertically, horizontally or diagonally adjacent halfpel points shall be interpolatedlinearly with rounding to nearest and halfway values rounded up.points which lie on 2 diagonals at the same time should only use the onediagonal not containing the fullpel point F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--F v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|/|\|q q q q q|/|\|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ h2--> O q O<--h3-> O q O<--h2 v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|\|/|q q q q q|\|/|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--Fthe remaining points shall be bilinearly interpolated from theup to 4 surrounding halfpel and fullpel points, again rounding should be tonearest and halfway values rounded upcompliant Snow decoders MUST support 1-1/8 pel luma and 1/2-1/16 pel chromainterpolation at leastOverlapped block motion compensation:-------------------------------------FIXMELL band prediction:===================Each sample in the LL0 subband is predicted by the median of the left, top andleft+top-topleft samples, samples outside the subband shall be considered tobe 0. To reverse this prediction in the decoder apply the following.for(y=0;y< height;y++){ for(x=0;x< width;x++){ sample[y][x]+=median(sample[y-1][x], sample[y][x-1], sample[y-1][x]+sample[y][x-1]-sample[y-1][x-1]);}}sample[-1][ *]=sample[ *][-1]=0;width, height here are the width and height of the LL0 subband not of the finalvideoDequantization:===============FIXMEWavelet Transform:==================Snow supports 2 wavelet transforms, the symmetric biorthogonal 5/3 integertransform and an integer approximation of the symmetric biorthogonal 9/7daubechies wavelet.2D IDWT(inverse discrete wavelet transform) --------------------------------------------The 2D IDWT applies a 2D filter recursively, each time combining the4 lowest frequency subbands into a single subband until only 1 subbandremains.The 2D filter is done by first applying a 1D filter in the vertical directionand then applying it in the horizontal one. --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------|LL0|HL0|||||||||||||---+---|HL1||L0|H0|HL1||LL1|HL1|||||LH0|HH0|||||||||||||-------+-------|-> L1 H1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 | H0 |
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| F H1 F F H1 F F F F H1<-F-------F-------F v v v H2 H3 H2 ^ ^ ^ F-------F-------F-> H1<-F-------F-------F|||||||||F H1 F|||||||||F H1 Funavailable fullpel samples(outside the picture for example) shall be equalto the closest available fullpel sampleSmaller pel interpolation:--------------------------if diag_mc is set then points which lie on a line between 2 vertically, horizontally or diagonally adjacent halfpel points shall be interpolatedlinearly with rounding to nearest and halfway values rounded up.points which lie on 2 diagonals at the same time should only use the onediagonal not containing the fullpel point F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--F v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|/|\|q q q q q|/|\|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ h2--> O q O<--h3-> O q O<--h2 v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|\|/|q q q q q|\|/|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--Fthe remaining points shall be bilinearly interpolated from theup to 4 surrounding halfpel and fullpel points, again rounding should be tonearest and halfway values rounded upcompliant Snow decoders MUST support 1-1/8 pel luma and 1/2-1/16 pel chromainterpolation at leastOverlapped block motion compensation:-------------------------------------FIXMELL band prediction:===================Each sample in the LL0 subband is predicted by the median of the left, top andleft+top-topleft samples, samples outside the subband shall be considered tobe 0. To reverse this prediction in the decoder apply the following.for(y=0;y< height;y++){ for(x=0;x< width;x++){ sample[y][x]+=median(sample[y-1][x], sample[y][x-1], sample[y-1][x]+sample[y][x-1]-sample[y-1][x-1]);}}sample[-1][ *]=sample[ *][-1]=0;width, height here are the width and height of the LL0 subband not of the finalvideoDequantization:===============FIXMEWavelet Transform:==================Snow supports 2 wavelet transforms, the symmetric biorthogonal 5/3 integertransform and an integer approximation of the symmetric biorthogonal 9/7daubechies wavelet.2D IDWT(inverse discrete wavelet transform) --------------------------------------------The 2D IDWT applies a 2D filter recursively, each time combining the4 lowest frequency subbands into a single subband until only 1 subbandremains.The 2D filter is done by first applying a 1D filter in the vertical directionand then applying it in the horizontal one. --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------|LL0|HL0|||||||||||||---+---|HL1||L0|H0|HL1||LL1|HL1|||||LH0|HH0|||||||||||||-------+-------|-> L1 H1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 | L1 |
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| F H1 F F H1 F F F F H1<-F-------F-------F v v v H2 H3 H2 ^ ^ ^ F-------F-------F-> H1<-F-------F-------F|||||||||F H1 F|||||||||F H1 Funavailable fullpel samples(outside the picture for example) shall be equalto the closest available fullpel sampleSmaller pel interpolation:--------------------------if diag_mc is set then points which lie on a line between 2 vertically, horizontally or diagonally adjacent halfpel points shall be interpolatedlinearly with rounding to nearest and halfway values rounded up.points which lie on 2 diagonals at the same time should only use the onediagonal not containing the fullpel point F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--F v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|/|\|q q q q q|/|\|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ h2--> O q O<--h3-> O q O<--h2 v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|\|/|q q q q q|\|/|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--Fthe remaining points shall be bilinearly interpolated from theup to 4 surrounding halfpel and fullpel points, again rounding should be tonearest and halfway values rounded upcompliant Snow decoders MUST support 1-1/8 pel luma and 1/2-1/16 pel chromainterpolation at leastOverlapped block motion compensation:-------------------------------------FIXMELL band prediction:===================Each sample in the LL0 subband is predicted by the median of the left, top andleft+top-topleft samples, samples outside the subband shall be considered tobe 0. To reverse this prediction in the decoder apply the following.for(y=0;y< height;y++){ for(x=0;x< width;x++){ sample[y][x]+=median(sample[y-1][x], sample[y][x-1], sample[y-1][x]+sample[y][x-1]-sample[y-1][x-1]);}}sample[-1][ *]=sample[ *][-1]=0;width, height here are the width and height of the LL0 subband not of the finalvideoDequantization:===============FIXMEWavelet Transform:==================Snow supports 2 wavelet transforms, the symmetric biorthogonal 5/3 integertransform and an integer approximation of the symmetric biorthogonal 9/7daubechies wavelet.2D IDWT(inverse discrete wavelet transform) --------------------------------------------The 2D IDWT applies a 2D filter recursively, each time combining the4 lowest frequency subbands into a single subband until only 1 subbandremains.The 2D filter is done by first applying a 1D filter in the vertical directionand then applying it in the horizontal one. --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------|LL0|HL0|||||||||||||---+---|HL1||L0|H0|HL1||LL1|HL1|||||LH0|HH0|||||||||||||-------+-------|-> L1 H1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 | H1 |
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| F H1 F F H1 F F F F H1<-F-------F-------F v v v H2 H3 H2 ^ ^ ^ F-------F-------F-> H1<-F-------F-------F|||||||||F H1 F|||||||||F H1 Funavailable fullpel samples(outside the picture for example) shall be equalto the closest available fullpel sampleSmaller pel interpolation:--------------------------if diag_mc is set then points which lie on a line between 2 vertically, horizontally or diagonally adjacent halfpel points shall be interpolatedlinearly with rounding to nearest and halfway values rounded up.points which lie on 2 diagonals at the same time should only use the onediagonal not containing the fullpel point F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--F v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|/|\|q q q q q|/|\|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ h2--> O q O<--h3-> O q O<--h2 v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|\|/|q q q q q|\|/|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--Fthe remaining points shall be bilinearly interpolated from theup to 4 surrounding halfpel and fullpel points, again rounding should be tonearest and halfway values rounded upcompliant Snow decoders MUST support 1-1/8 pel luma and 1/2-1/16 pel chromainterpolation at leastOverlapped block motion compensation:-------------------------------------FIXMELL band prediction:===================Each sample in the LL0 subband is predicted by the median of the left, top andleft+top-topleft samples, samples outside the subband shall be considered tobe 0. To reverse this prediction in the decoder apply the following.for(y=0;y< height;y++){ for(x=0;x< width;x++){ sample[y][x]+=median(sample[y-1][x], sample[y][x-1], sample[y-1][x]+sample[y][x-1]-sample[y-1][x-1]);}}sample[-1][ *]=sample[ *][-1]=0;width, height here are the width and height of the LL0 subband not of the finalvideoDequantization:===============FIXMEWavelet Transform:==================Snow supports 2 wavelet transforms, the symmetric biorthogonal 5/3 integertransform and an integer approximation of the symmetric biorthogonal 9/7daubechies wavelet.2D IDWT(inverse discrete wavelet transform) --------------------------------------------The 2D IDWT applies a 2D filter recursively, each time combining the4 lowest frequency subbands into a single subband until only 1 subbandremains.The 2D filter is done by first applying a 1D filter in the vertical directionand then applying it in the horizontal one. --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------|LL0|HL0|||||||||||||---+---|HL1||L0|H0|HL1||LL1|HL1|||||LH0|HH0|||||||||||||-------+-------|-> L1 H1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 | L2 |
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| F H1 F F H1 F F F F H1<-F-------F-------F v v v H2 H3 H2 ^ ^ ^ F-------F-------F-> H1<-F-------F-------F|||||||||F H1 F|||||||||F H1 Funavailable fullpel samples(outside the picture for example) shall be equalto the closest available fullpel sampleSmaller pel interpolation:--------------------------if diag_mc is set then points which lie on a line between 2 vertically, horizontally or diagonally adjacent halfpel points shall be interpolatedlinearly with rounding to nearest and halfway values rounded up.points which lie on 2 diagonals at the same time should only use the onediagonal not containing the fullpel point F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--F v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|/|\|q q q q q|/|\|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ h2--> O q O<--h3-> O q O<--h2 v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|\|/|q q q q q|\|/|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--Fthe remaining points shall be bilinearly interpolated from theup to 4 surrounding halfpel and fullpel points, again rounding should be tonearest and halfway values rounded upcompliant Snow decoders MUST support 1-1/8 pel luma and 1/2-1/16 pel chromainterpolation at leastOverlapped block motion compensation:-------------------------------------FIXMELL band prediction:===================Each sample in the LL0 subband is predicted by the median of the left, top andleft+top-topleft samples, samples outside the subband shall be considered tobe 0. To reverse this prediction in the decoder apply the following.for(y=0;y< height;y++){ for(x=0;x< width;x++){ sample[y][x]+=median(sample[y-1][x], sample[y][x-1], sample[y-1][x]+sample[y][x-1]-sample[y-1][x-1]);}}sample[-1][ *]=sample[ *][-1]=0;width, height here are the width and height of the LL0 subband not of the finalvideoDequantization:===============FIXMEWavelet Transform:==================Snow supports 2 wavelet transforms, the symmetric biorthogonal 5/3 integertransform and an integer approximation of the symmetric biorthogonal 9/7daubechies wavelet.2D IDWT(inverse discrete wavelet transform) --------------------------------------------The 2D IDWT applies a 2D filter recursively, each time combining the4 lowest frequency subbands into a single subband until only 1 subbandremains.The 2D filter is done by first applying a 1D filter in the vertical directionand then applying it in the horizontal one. --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------|LL0|HL0|||||||||||||---+---|HL1||L0|H0|HL1||LL1|HL1|||||LH0|HH0|||||||||||||-------+-------|-> L1 H1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 | L3 |
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| F H1 F F H1 F F F F H1<-F-------F-------F v v v H2 H3 H2 ^ ^ ^ F-------F-------F-> H1<-F-------F-------F|||||||||F H1 F|||||||||F H1 Funavailable fullpel samples(outside the picture for example) shall be equalto the closest available fullpel sampleSmaller pel interpolation:--------------------------if diag_mc is set then points which lie on a line between 2 vertically, horizontally or diagonally adjacent halfpel points shall be interpolatedlinearly with rounding to nearest and halfway values rounded up.points which lie on 2 diagonals at the same time should only use the onediagonal not containing the fullpel point F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--F v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|/|\|q q q q q|/|\|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ h2--> O q O<--h3-> O q O<--h2 v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|\|/|q q q q q|\|/|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--Fthe remaining points shall be bilinearly interpolated from theup to 4 surrounding halfpel and fullpel points, again rounding should be tonearest and halfway values rounded upcompliant Snow decoders MUST support 1-1/8 pel luma and 1/2-1/16 pel chromainterpolation at leastOverlapped block motion compensation:-------------------------------------FIXMELL band prediction:===================Each sample in the LL0 subband is predicted by the median of the left, top andleft+top-topleft samples, samples outside the subband shall be considered tobe 0. To reverse this prediction in the decoder apply the following.for(y=0;y< height;y++){ for(x=0;x< width;x++){ sample[y][x]+=median(sample[y-1][x], sample[y][x-1], sample[y-1][x]+sample[y][x-1]-sample[y-1][x-1]);}}sample[-1][ *]=sample[ *][-1]=0;width, height here are the width and height of the LL0 subband not of the finalvideoDequantization:===============FIXMEWavelet Transform:==================Snow supports 2 wavelet transforms, the symmetric biorthogonal 5/3 integertransform and an integer approximation of the symmetric biorthogonal 9/7daubechies wavelet.2D IDWT(inverse discrete wavelet transform) --------------------------------------------The 2D IDWT applies a 2D filter recursively, each time combining the4 lowest frequency subbands into a single subband until only 1 subbandremains.The 2D filter is done by first applying a 1D filter in the vertical directionand then applying it in the horizontal one. --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------|LL0|HL0|||||||||||||---+---|HL1||L0|H0|HL1||LL1|HL1|||||LH0|HH0|||||||||||||-------+-------|-> L1 H1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 | note |
| |
| F H1 F F H1 F F F F H1<-F-------F-------F v v v H2 H3 H2 ^ ^ ^ F-------F-------F-> H1<-F-------F-------F|||||||||F H1 F|||||||||F H1 Funavailable fullpel samples(outside the picture for example) shall be equalto the closest available fullpel sampleSmaller pel interpolation:--------------------------if diag_mc is set then points which lie on a line between 2 vertically, horizontally or diagonally adjacent halfpel points shall be interpolatedlinearly with rounding to nearest and halfway values rounded up.points which lie on 2 diagonals at the same time should only use the onediagonal not containing the fullpel point F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--F v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|/|\|q q q q q|/|\|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ h2--> O q O<--h3-> O q O<--h2 v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|\|/|q q q q q|\|/|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--Fthe remaining points shall be bilinearly interpolated from theup to 4 surrounding halfpel and fullpel points, again rounding should be tonearest and halfway values rounded upcompliant Snow decoders MUST support 1-1/8 pel luma and 1/2-1/16 pel chromainterpolation at leastOverlapped block motion compensation:-------------------------------------FIXMELL band prediction:===================Each sample in the LL0 subband is predicted by the median of the left, top andleft+top-topleft samples, samples outside the subband shall be considered tobe 0. To reverse this prediction in the decoder apply the following.for(y=0;y< height;y++){ for(x=0;x< width;x++){ sample[y][x]+=median(sample[y-1][x], sample[y][x-1], sample[y-1][x]+sample[y][x-1]-sample[y-1][x-1]);}}sample[-1][ *]=sample[ *][-1]=0;width, height here are the width and height of the LL0 subband not of the finalvideoDequantization:===============FIXMEWavelet Transform:==================Snow supports 2 wavelet transforms, the symmetric biorthogonal 5/3 integertransform and an integer approximation of the symmetric biorthogonal 9/7daubechies wavelet.2D IDWT(inverse discrete wavelet transform) --------------------------------------------The 2D IDWT applies a 2D filter recursively, each time combining the4 lowest frequency subbands into a single subband until only 1 subbandremains.The 2D filter is done by first applying a 1D filter in the vertical directionand then applying it in the horizontal one. --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------|LL0|HL0|||||||||||||---+---|HL1||L0|H0|HL1||LL1|HL1|||||LH0|HH0|||||||||||||-------+-------|-> L1 H1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 this can end with a L or a | H |
| |
| F H1 F F H1 F F F F H1<-F-------F-------F v v v H2 H3 H2 ^ ^ ^ F-------F-------F-> H1<-F-------F-------F|||||||||F H1 F|||||||||F H1 Funavailable fullpel samples(outside the picture for example) shall be equalto the closest available fullpel sampleSmaller pel interpolation:--------------------------if diag_mc is set then points which lie on a line between 2 vertically, horizontally or diagonally adjacent halfpel points shall be interpolatedlinearly with rounding to nearest and halfway values rounded up.points which lie on 2 diagonals at the same time should only use the onediagonal not containing the fullpel point F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--F v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|/|\|q q q q q|/|\|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ h2--> O q O<--h3-> O q O<--h2 v \/v \/v O O O O O O O|\|/|q q q q q|\|/|O O O O O O O ^/\ ^/\ ^ F--> O q O<--h1-> O q O<--Fthe remaining points shall be bilinearly interpolated from theup to 4 surrounding halfpel and fullpel points, again rounding should be tonearest and halfway values rounded upcompliant Snow decoders MUST support 1-1/8 pel luma and 1/2-1/16 pel chromainterpolation at leastOverlapped block motion compensation:-------------------------------------FIXMELL band prediction:===================Each sample in the LL0 subband is predicted by the median of the left, top andleft+top-topleft samples, samples outside the subband shall be considered tobe 0. To reverse this prediction in the decoder apply the following.for(y=0;y< height;y++){ for(x=0;x< width;x++){ sample[y][x]+=median(sample[y-1][x], sample[y][x-1], sample[y-1][x]+sample[y][x-1]-sample[y-1][x-1]);}}sample[-1][ *]=sample[ *][-1]=0;width, height here are the width and height of the LL0 subband not of the finalvideoDequantization:===============FIXMEWavelet Transform:==================Snow supports 2 wavelet transforms, the symmetric biorthogonal 5/3 integertransform and an integer approximation of the symmetric biorthogonal 9/7daubechies wavelet.2D IDWT(inverse discrete wavelet transform) --------------------------------------------The 2D IDWT applies a 2D filter recursively, each time combining the4 lowest frequency subbands into a single subband until only 1 subbandremains.The 2D filter is done by first applying a 1D filter in the vertical directionand then applying it in the horizontal one. --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------|LL0|HL0|||||||||||||---+---|HL1||L0|H0|HL1||LL1|HL1|||||LH0|HH0|||||||||||||-------+-------|-> L1 H1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 LH1 HH1 this can end with a L or a the number of elements shall be w s[-1] shall be considered equivalent to s[1] s[w] shall be considered equivalent to s[w-2] perform the lifting steps in order as described below Integer | filter |
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| for all even | i< w2. s[i]+=(s[i-1]+s[i+1])> |
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| for all odd | i< w\|/|\|/|\|/|\|/|\|/|\|/|\|/|\|/|+|+|+|+|-1/4/|\|/|\|/|\|/|\|/|\|/|\|/|\|/|\|/|+|+|+|++1/2Snow 's 9/7 Integer filter:1. s[i] -=(3 *(s[i-1]+s[i+1])+4)> |
| |
| for all even | i< w2. s[i] -=s[i-1]+s[i+1] ;for all odd i< w3. s[i]+=(s[i-1]+s[i+1]+4 *s[i]+8)> > |
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| for all even | i< w4. s[i]+=(3 *(s[i-1]+s[i+1]))> |
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| Tag MUST be and<10hcoeff half pel interpolation filter coefficients, hcoeff[0] are the 2 middle coefficients [1] are the next outer ones and so on, resulting in a filter like: ...eff[2], hcoeff[1], hcoeff[0], hcoeff[0], hcoeff[1], hcoeff[2] ... the sign of the coefficients is not explicitly stored but alternates after each coeff and coeff[0] is positive, so ...,+,-,+,-,+,+,-,+,-,+,... hcoeff[0] is not explicitly stored but found by subtracting the sum of all stored coefficients with signs from 32 hcoeff[0]= 32 - hcoeff[1] - hcoeff[2] - ... a good choice for hcoeff and htaps is htaps= 6 hcoeff={40,-10,2} an alternative which requires more computations at both encoder and decoder side and may or may not be better is htaps= 8 hcoeff={42,-14,6,-2}ref_frames minimum of the number of available reference frames and max_ref_frames for example the first frame after a key frame always has ref_frames=1spatial_decomposition_type wavelet type 0 is a 9/7 symmetric compact integer wavelet 1 is a 5/3 symmetric compact integer wavelet others are reserved stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset || keyframeqlog quality (logarithmic quantizer scale) stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset || keyframemv_scale stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset || keyframe FIXME check that everything works fine if this changes between framesqbias dequantization bias stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset || keyframeblock_max_depth maximum depth of the block tree stored as delta from last, last is reset to 0 if always_reset || keyframequant_table quantization tableHighlevel bitstream structure:============================== --------------------------------------------| Header | --------------------------------------------| ------------------------------------ || | Block0 | || | split? | || | yes no | || | ......... intra? | || | : Block01 : yes no | || | : Block02 : ....... .......... | || | : Block03 : : y DC : : ref index: | || | : Block04 : : cb DC : : motion x : | || | ......... : cr DC : : motion y : | || | ....... .......... | || ------------------------------------ || ------------------------------------ || | Block1 | || ... | --------------------------------------------| ------------ ------------ ------------ ||| Y subbands | | Cb subbands| | Cr subbands|||| --- --- | | --- --- | | --- --- |||| |LL0||HL0| | | |LL0||HL0| | | |LL0||HL0| |||| --- --- | | --- --- | | --- --- |||| --- --- | | --- --- | | --- --- |||| |LH0||HH0| | | |LH0||HH0| | | |LH0||HH0| |||| --- --- | | --- --- | | --- --- |||| --- --- | | --- --- | | --- --- |||| |HL1||LH1| | | |HL1||LH1| | | |HL1||LH1| |||| --- --- | | --- --- | | --- --- |||| --- --- | | --- --- | | --- --- |||| |HH1||HL2| | | |HH1||HL2| | | |HH1||HL2| |||| ... | | ... | | ... ||| ------------ ------------ ------------ | --------------------------------------------Decoding process:================= ------------ | | | Subbands | ------------ | | | | ------------ | Intra DC | | | | LL0 subband prediction ------------ | \ Dequantization ------------------- \ || Reference frames | \ IDWT| ------- ------- | Motion \ |||Frame 0| |Frame 1|| Compensation . OBMC v -------| ------- ------- | --------------. \------> Frame n output Frame Frame<----------------------------------/ | ... | ------------------- Range Coder: ============ Binary Range Coder: ------------------- The implemented range coder is an adapted version based upon "Range encoding: an algorithm for removing redundancy from a digitised message." by G. N. N. Martin. The symbols encoded by the Snow range coder are bits (0|1). The associated probabilities are not fix but change depending on the symbol mix seen so far. bit seen | new state ---------+----------------------------------------------- 0 | 256 - state_transition_table[256 - old_state]; 1 | state_transition_table[ old_state]; state_transition_table = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 190, 191, 192, 194, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 202, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 215, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 220, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 227, 229, 229, 230, 231, 232, 234, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 248, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}; FIXME Range Coding of integers: ------------------------- FIXME Neighboring Blocks: =================== left and top are set to the respective blocks unless they are outside of the image in which case they are set to the Null block top-left is set to the top left block unless it is outside of the image in which case it is set to the left block if this block has no larger parent block or it is at the left side of its parent block and the top right block is not outside of the image then the top right block is used for top-right else the top-left block is used Null block y,cb,cr are 128 level, ref, mx and my are 0 Motion Vector Prediction: ========================= 1. the motion vectors of all the neighboring blocks are scaled to compensate for the difference of reference frames scaled_mv= (mv * (256 * (current_reference+1) / (mv.reference+1)) + 128)> the median of the scaled left |
Definition at line 386 of file snow.txt.
Referenced by aac_decoder_config(), ac4_probe(), add_hfyu_left_pred_bgr32_c(), add_hfyu_median_pred_int16_c(), add_lag_median_prediction(), add_median_pred_c(), add_median_prediction(), adjust_pred16(), alac_stereo_decorrelation(), ana_convert(), ape_unpack_stereo(), assign_pair(), av_spherical_tile_bounds(), blend_line(), blend_line16(), blend_line_hv(), blend_line_hv16(), butter_filter_stereo_samples(), calc_draw_region(), cclm_get_luma_rec_pixels(), cclm_select_luma(), cdtoons_decode_frame(), celt_frame_setup_input(), channel_decorrelation(), check(), check_add_hfyu_left_pred_bgr32(), check_add_median_pred(), check_ipred(), cmp_int(), cmpbytes(), codeblock(), compare16(), compare8(), convert_coeffs(), count_hq_slice(), dc_16x16_c(), dc_32x32_c(), dc_4x4_c(), dc_8x8_c(), dc_left_16x16_c(), dc_left_32x32_c(), dc_left_4x4_c(), dc_left_8x8_c(), decode_channel(), decode_frame(), decode_frame_lscr(), decode_interframe_v4(), decode_intra4x4_modes(), decode_mb_i(), decode_mode(), decode_q_branch(), decode_rle(), decode_rle16(), decode_rle_bpp2(), decode_rle_bpp4(), decode_slice(), decode_splitmvs(), decode_str(), decode_subband(), decode_subband_internal(), decode_subframe(), decode_var_block_data(), decorr_mono(), def_diag_downleft(), def_diag_downright(), def_vert_left(), def_vert_right(), draw_region(), draw_region_rgb_packed(), dx2_decode_slice_410(), dx2_decode_slice_420(), dx2_decode_slice_444(), dx2_decode_slice_555(), dx2_decode_slice_565(), dx2_decode_slice_5x5(), dx2_decode_slice_rgb(), encode_frame(), encode_q_branch(), encode_q_branch2(), encode_subband(), ensure_bits(), exp_quant_coarse(), ff_AMediaFormat_getRect(), ff_AMediaFormat_setRect(), ff_blend_mask(), ff_blend_rectangle(), ff_cavs_load_intra_pred_luma(), ff_dc_16x16_msa(), ff_flac_parse_picture(), ff_frame_to_dnn_classify(), ff_h263_resync(), ff_h264_check_intra4x4_pred_mode(), ff_h264_check_intra_pred_mode(), ff_hevc_deblocking_boundary_strengths(), ff_intra_pred_8_16x16_msa(), ff_intra_pred_8_32x32_msa(), ff_ivi_decode_frame(), ff_lag_rac_init(), ff_msmpeg4_decode_block(), ff_msmpeg4_decode_ext_header(), ff_rtp_send_raw_rfc4175(), ff_tm_16x16_msa(), ff_tm_32x32_msa(), ff_tm_4x4_msa(), ff_tm_8x8_msa(), ff_vbv_update(), ff_vc1_h_s_overlap_mmi(), ff_vvc_alf_ctb_cc_idc(), ff_vvc_alf_ctb_flag(), ff_vvc_non_inter_flag(), ff_vvc_pred_mode_flag(), ff_vvc_sao_filter(), fill_ltable(), filter_frame(), flac_decoder_config(), frame_block_to_cell(), get_block_bits(), get_centere(), get_final(), get_inc(), get_left_top(), get_submv_prob(), getfilter_float(), gif_read_image(), gradient_predict(), h261_resync(), h263_decode_gob_header(), h264_metadata_update_sps(), h265_metadata_update_sps(), hor_16x16_c(), hor_32x32_c(), hor_4x4_c(), hor_8x8_c(), idct_row(), if(), init_obmc_weight(), init_obmc_weight_row(), initFilter(), intra_pred(), intra_pred_down_left(), intra_pred_down_right(), intra_pred_horiz(), intra_pred_lp(), intra_pred_lp_left(), intra_pred_plane(), ljpeg_decode_rgb_scan(), ljpeg_encode_bgr(), magicyuv_median_pred16(), magy_decode_slice(), magy_decode_slice10(), margins_borders16(), margins_borders8(), mediaformat_ndk_getRect(), mediaformat_ndk_setRect(), median_predict(), mmf_read_packet(), mov_read_default(), mpeg4_decode_dpcm_macroblock(), mpeg_decode_slice(), mpegts_probe(), mpegts_write_section(), old_codec1(), old_codec37(), old_codec47(), opengl_make_ortho(), opus_decoder_config(), parse_strk(), parse_vtrk(), pred_angular(), pred_angular_0(), pred_angular_1(), pred_angular_2(), pred_angular_3(), pred_angular_h(), pred_angular_v(), pred_dc(), pred_dc_val(), pred_h(), pred_intra_mode(), pred_mip(), pred_mv(), pred_non_zero_count(), pred_planar(), predict_intra(), predictor_decode_stereo_3950(), prepare_intra_edge_params(), process_frame_obj(), put_obmc(), raw_read_packet(), read_packet(), real_seek(), ref_filter(), residual_ts_coding_subblock(), rle_decode(), rv10_decode_packet(), rv34_pred_4x4_block(), sao_filter_CTB(), sb_coded_flag_decode(), set_frame(), sga_decode_frame(), sga_probe(), shift_stereo(), sub_hfyu_median_pred_int16_c(), sub_left_prediction(), sub_median_pred_c(), sub_median_prediction(), svq3_decode_frame(), svq3_decode_mb(), tm2_null_res_block(), tm_16x16_c(), tm_32x32_c(), tm_4x4_c(), tm_8x8_c(), uavs3d_find_next_start_code(), vble_restore_plane(), vc1_h_s_overlap_c(), vvc_deblock_subblock_bs_vertical(), wavarc_read_packet(), xa_decode(), xcbgrab_reposition(), xma_decode_packet(), xwma_read_packet(), and yule_filter_stereo_samples().
